> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://red.infiltr8.io/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://red.infiltr8.io/redteam/discovery/windows/av.md).

# Security Solutions

## Theory

It is important to enumerate antivirus and security detection methods on an endpoint in order to stay as undetected as possible and reduce the chance of getting caught. We will see various techniques to enumerate the target's security solutions.

## Practice

{% tabs %}
{% tab title="AntiVirus" %}
We can enumerate AV software using Windows built-in tools, such as `wmic`

```powershell
#CMD
wmic /namespace:\\root\securitycenter2 path antivirusproduct

#PowerShell cmdlet
Get-CimInstance -Namespace root/SecurityCenter2 -ClassName AntivirusProduct
```

{% endtab %}

{% tab title="Defenders" %}
We can enumerate if Windows Defender is running:

```powershell
#Check if running
Get-Service WinDefend
```

Next, we can start using the Get-MpComputerStatus cmdlet to get the current Windows Defender status.

```powershell
#PowerShell cmdlet
Get-MpComputerStatus
Get-MpComputerStatus | select RealTimeProtectionEnabled
```

We can try to disable it using the Set-MpPreference cmdlet.

```powershell
Set-MpPreference -DisableRealtimeMonitoring $true
```

{% hint style="info" %}
We need Admin privileges in order to modify Defender properties
{% endhint %}
{% endtab %}

{% tab title="FireWalls" %}
We can enumerate the `Windows Firewall` software with powershell.

```powershell
#Enum if its enabled
Get-NetFirewallProfile
Get-NetFirewallProfile | Format-Table Name, Enabled

#Enum rules
Get-NetFirewallRule | findstr "Rule-Name"
```

We can try to disable it using the Set-NetFirewallProfile cmdlet.

```powershell
Set-NetFirewallProfile -Profile Domain, Public, Private -Enabled False
```

We can now use built-in windows tools to test connections:

```powershell
Test-NetConnection -ComputerName 127.0.0.1 -Port 80
(New-Object System.Net.Sockets.TcpClient("127.0.0.1", "80")).Connected
```

{% hint style="info" %}
We need Admin privileges in order to modify NetFirewall properties
{% endhint %}
{% endtab %}

{% tab title="Sysmon" %}
[Sysmon (System Monitor)](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sysinternals/downloads/sysmon) is a Windows system service and device driver that, once installed on a system, remains resident across system reboots to monitor and log system activity to the Windows event log.\
To detect sysmon on a target we can do:

```powershell
# With process list
Get-Process | Where-Object { $_.ProcessName -eq "Sysmon" }

# With services list
Get-CimInstance win32_service -Filter "Description = 'System Monitor service'"
Get-Service | where-object {$_.DisplayName -like "*sysm*"}

#Windows Registry
reg query HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\WINEVT\Channels\Microsoft-Windows-Sysmon/Operational
```

If the target system is running Sysmon, we must try to locate its configuration file

```bash
findstr /si '<ProcessCreate onmatch="exclude">' C:\*
```

{% endtab %}

{% tab title="EDRs" %}
We can use scripts for enumerating security products within the machine, such as [SharpEDRChecker](https://github.com/PwnDexter/SharpEDRChecker).

```powershell
Invoke-EDRChecker
```

{% endtab %}

{% tab title="AppLocker" %}
Discover the AppLocker policies. You may need to retrieve the AppLocker policy based on its unique LDAP path as shown the last example.

```powershell
#CMD
reg query HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\SrpV2\Exe\

#Powershell
(Get-AppLockerPolicy -Local).RuleCollections
Get-AppLockerPolicy -Effective -Xml
Get-ChildItem -Path HKLM:Software\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\SrpV2 -Recurse
Get-AppLockerPolicy -Domain -LDAP "LDAP:// DC13.Contoso.com/CN={31B2F340-016D-11D2-945F-00C04FB984F9},CN=Policies,CN=System,DC=Contoso,DC=com
```

{% endtab %}
{% endtabs %}

## Resources

{% embed url="<https://tryhackme.com/room/thelayoftheland>" %}

{% embed url="<https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1518/001/>" %}