Security Solutions

MITRE ATT&CK™ Software Discovery: Security Software Discovery - Technique T1518.001

Theory

It is important to enumerate antivirus and security detection methods on an endpoint in order to stay as undetected as possible and reduce the chance of getting caught. We will see various techniques to enumerate the target's security solutions.

Practice

AntiVirus

We can enumerate AV software using Windows built-in tools, such as wmic

#CMD
wmic /namespace:\\root\securitycenter2 path antivirusproduct

#PowerShell cmdlet
Get-CimInstance -Namespace root/SecurityCenter2 -ClassName AntivirusProduct

Defenders

We can enumerate if Windows Defender is running:

#Check if running
Get-Service WinDefend

Next, we can start using the Get-MpComputerStatus cmdlet to get the current Windows Defender status.

#PowerShell cmdlet
Get-MpComputerStatus
Get-MpComputerStatus | select RealTimeProtectionEnabled

We can try to disable it using the Set-MpPreference cmdlet.

Set-MpPreference -DisableRealtimeMonitoring $true

We need Admin privileges in order to modify Defender properties

FireWalls

We can enumerate the Windows Firewall software with powershell.

#Enum if its enabled
Get-NetFirewallProfile
Get-NetFirewallProfile | Format-Table Name, Enabled

#Enum rules
Get-NetFirewallRule | findstr "Rule-Name"

We can try to disable it using the Set-NetFirewallProfile cmdlet.

Set-NetFirewallProfile -Profile Domain, Public, Private -Enabled False

We can now use built-in windows tools to test connections:

Test-NetConnection -ComputerName 127.0.0.1 -Port 80
(New-Object System.Net.Sockets.TcpClient("127.0.0.1", "80")).Connected

We need Admin privileges in order to modify NetFirewall properties

Sysmon

Sysmon (System Monitor) is a Windows system service and device driver that, once installed on a system, remains resident across system reboots to monitor and log system activity to the Windows event log. To detect sysmon on a target we can do:

# With process list
Get-Process | Where-Object { $_.ProcessName -eq "Sysmon" }

# With services list
Get-CimInstance win32_service -Filter "Description = 'System Monitor service'"
Get-Service | where-object {$_.DisplayName -like "*sysm*"}

#Windows Registry
reg query HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\WINEVT\Channels\Microsoft-Windows-Sysmon/Operational

If the target system is running Sysmon, we must try to locate its configuration file

findstr /si '<ProcessCreate onmatch="exclude">' C:\*

EDRs

We can use scripts for enumerating security products within the machine, such as SharpEDRChecker.

Invoke-EDRChecker

AppLocker

Discover the AppLocker policies. You may need to retrieve the AppLocker policy based on its unique LDAP path as shown the last example.

#CMD
reg query HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\SrpV2\Exe\

#Powershell
(Get-AppLockerPolicy -Local).RuleCollections
Get-AppLockerPolicy -Effective -Xml
Get-ChildItem -Path HKLM:Software\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\SrpV2 -Recurse
Get-AppLockerPolicy -Domain -LDAP "LDAP:// DC13.Contoso.com/CN={31B2F340-016D-11D2-945F-00C04FB984F9},CN=Policies,CN=System,DC=Contoso,DC=com

Resources

TryHackMe | Cyber Security TrainingTryHackMe

Software Discovery: Security Software Discovery, Sub-technique T1518.001 - Enterprise | MITRE ATT&CK®